Quantum Information Fundamentals: Quantum Algorithms & Cryptography 🔐

Welcome to 'Quantum Algorithms & Cryptography' course !

This lecture focuses on the basics of quantum information. The lecture discusses the role of models in science and how they help to understand complex phenomena by abstracting out fundamental principles. The lecture emphasizes the physical nature of information and how its representation and storage impact computation. The lecture introduces the concept of qubits, the fundamental unit of quantum information, and how they differ from classical bits. It explains the idea of superposition, where a qubit can exist in a state that is a combination of both 0 and 1 simultaneously. The lecture provides a brief overview of the mathematical formalism used to represent quantum states, including complex numbers and the inner product of vectors. The lecture then touches upon the historical development of quantum mechanics and the key insights that led to its formulation. The lecture explores the potential of quantum computers to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers by leveraging the principle of superposition. Finally, the lecture introduces the bracket notation for representing quantum states, a convenient shorthand for dealing with quantum systems.
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