What Is Ladder Logic? An Intro to Industrial Automation

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If you are involved in any way with industrial machinery, you almost have to have heard of ladder logic.

Since there are almost never ladders involved, it probably doesn’t make a lot of sense that we call it that, but the reasons for the name are buried in the history of automatic controls.

At one time, automatic systems were controlled with relays. Relays are electromechanical devices and fail quickly as the mechanical parts wear out and the electrical parts are destroyed as the electricity they switch burns away the contacts.

They are big and use lots of electricity, generating lots of heat in the process.

In order to understand why we call it ladder logic, you need to look at how we document relay logic controls.

The actual “ladder” was the drawing of the control logic, an illustration of how the relays were wired together.

Even today, a lot of the conventions that led to “ladders” are still in use, and I will use a recent example drawing to illustrate this.

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