Horizontal Gene Transfer: Transformation, Transduction & Conjugation

Transformation, Transduction and Conjugation - This lecture explains about the difference between conjugation, transformation and transduction. It explains the process of gene exchange between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer also known as lateral gene transfer.
Conjugation - gene exchange between bacteria by physical contact through the formation of conjugation tube.
Transformation - the transfer of DNA fragments through bacterial uptake
Transduction - the transfer of genes through the bacteriophage particles.
Transformation involves uptake of short fragments of naked DNA by naturally transformable bacteria. Transduction involves transfer of DNA from one bacterium into another via bacteriophages. Conjugation involves transfer of DNA via sexual pilus and requires cell –to-cell contact. DNA fragments that contain resistance genes from resistant donors can then make previously susceptible bacteria express resistance as coded by these newly acquired resistance genes.
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