Cryptography Basics: Unlocking the Secrets of Secure Communication 🔐

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Source:
EDX
LinuxFoundationX LFS170x
Blockchain: Understanding Its Uses and Implications
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A- Cryptography and Hashing in Blockchain
Blockchain provides users with data integrity in a trustless environment.
This is accomplished using cryptography in a way that moves the burden of trust from data processors to cryptographic algorithms.
In this section, we will discuss some of the ways cryptography is used in the blockchain.
B- Cryptography Key Terms
Let's explain the key terms used in cryptography:
1)Secret: The data which we are trying to protect
2)Key: A piece of data used for encrypting and decrypting the secret
3)Function: The process or function used to encrypt the secret
4)Cipher: The encrypted secret data, the output of the function.
The Secret and the Key are passed into the Function to create the Cipher.
C- What is a cryptographic function?
A function for encoding or encrypting data to protect the contents from adversaries.
Simple example function:
Secret = "Blockchain Training Alliance"
Function = Swap each letter in the secret with a new letter according to the Key. Key = "+2".
Cipher = "Dnqemejckp Vtckpcpi Cnnkcpeg".