50 Quantum Cryptography Basics: Unlocking Secure Communication 🔐

Welcome to 'Quantum Algorithms & Cryptography' course !

This lecture marks the beginning of the discussion on quantum cryptography. It introduces the concept of mixed states, a generalization of pure states, and explains how to represent mixed states using density matrices. The lecture defines the properties of density matrices, such as being positive semi-definite and Hermitian, and introduces the notion of a maximally mixed state, which represents a state with maximum uncertainty.
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