Step-by-Step Guide: Converting NFA to Regular Expression with Example 🤓

Here we convert a simple NFA into a regular expression as easily as possible. We first modify the NFA so that there is a single start state with nothing going into it, and a single final state with nothing leaving it. Then we "rip" states out one at a time until we have just two states left, which contains the desired regular expression.
This is known as the "GNFA" (Generalized NFA) method.

What is a nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA)? It is a finite state machine, with "states" and transitions between them, allowing choices as compared to a deterministic FA. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5iWwYtwlwg&ab_channel=EasyTheory for more details.

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Timestamps:
0:00 - Intro
0:39 - Overview of Steps
1:17 - Fix the NFA
2:10 - Start of Ripping States
2:39 - Rip q3
6:30 - Rip q2
9:10 - Rip q0
11:25 - Rip q1
13:05 - Conclusion

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▶ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS◀
1. Does the GNFA method truly work for ANY NFA?
2. What happens if we ripped the states out in a different order?