Vedic Mathematics is a system of mathematics which was invented by Indian mathematician Jagadguru
Shri Bharathi Krishna Tirthaji Maharaj in the period between A.D. 1911 and 1918.
It consists of 16 Sutras (methods) and 13 sub-sutras (Sub methods). Vedic Mathematics's methods are
highly efficient when it comes to calculation of regular arithmetics like subtraction, multiplication,
division of numbers and polynomials, squares, square roots, cubes, cube roots, solving equation, partial
fractions, derivatives, conics, etc.
Nikhilam Navatascaramam Dastah:
Popularly called as Nikhilam Sutra and English it means as 'All from 9 and last from 10'.
Nikhilam Sutra in Multiplication is used whenever the numbers are closer to power of 10 i.e. 10, 100,
1000, ....
This creates 3 groups:
1. Numbers are less than power of 10 i.e. 10, 100, 1000, ....
2. Numbers are more than power of 10 i.e. 10, 100, 1000, ....
3. Numbers are present on either side of power of 10 i.e. 10, 100, 1000, ....
Multiplication of two 2 digit numbers.
Ex.1: Find the product 14 X 12
i) The right hand most digit of the multiplicand, the first number (14) i.e.,4 is
multiplied by the right hand most digit of the multiplier, the second number
(12)i.e., 2. The product 4 X 2 = 8 forms the right hand most part of the answer.
ii) Now, diagonally multiply the first digit of the multiplicand (14) i.e., 4 and
second digit of the multiplier (12)i.e., 1 (answer 4 X 1=4); then multiply the
second digit of the multiplicand i.e.,1 and first digit of the multiplier i.e., 2
(answer 1 X 2 = 2); add these two i.e.,4 + 2 = 6. It gives the next, i.e., second
digit of the answer. Hence second digit of the answer is 6.
iii) Now, multiply the second digit of the multiplicand i.e., 1 and second digit of
the multiplieri.e., 1 vertically, i.e., 1 X 1 = 1. It gives the left hand most part of
the answer.
Thus the answer is 16 8.
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