Master Significant Figures in VCE Year 12 Math – Lesson 10 📚

In general mathematics, significant figures (or significant digits) are the digits in a number that are important for determining its accuracy and precision. They are used to convey the value of a number with a certain degree of accuracy. The number of significant figures in a number is determined by counting all the digits starting from the first non-zero digit located on the left. For example, the number 6.658 has four significant figures.

Here are some rules for identifying significant figures in a number:
1. All non-zero digits are significant.
2. All zeros that occur between any two non-zero digits are significant.
3. All zeros that are on the right of a decimal point and also to the left of a non-zero digit are never significant.
4. All zeros that are on the right of a decimal point are significant, only if, a non-zero digit does not follow them.
5. All the zeros that are on the right of the last non-zero digit, after the decimal point, are significant.
6. All the zeros that are on the right of the last non-zero digit are significant if they come from a measurement.

Rounding off a number to a certain number of significant figures is also an important concept in mathematics. A number is rounded off to the required number of significant figures by leaving one or more digits from the right. When the first digit on the left is less than 5, the last digit held should remain constant. When the first digit is greater than 5, the last digit is rounded up. When the digit on the left is exactly 5, the number held is rounded up or down to receive an even number. When more than one digit is left, rounding off should be done as a whole instead of one digit at a time.
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