Quantum computers. Lecture #10: Golden single qubit circuit. Ramsey. No cloning. Cryptography.

In the tenth lecture of the Quantum Computers course, Professor Alex Krasnok covered the topic of Quantum Interference. The lecture delved into the concept of the Golden Single Qubit Circuit, which is a fundamental building block in quantum computing. The students learned about the Ramsey Interferometer. The No Cloning Theorem was also discussed, which states that it is impossible to create an exact copy of an unknown quantum state. The lecture then moved on to the topic of Shared Randomness, which refers to the use of random numbers that are known to both the sender and the receiver to secure communication. Finally, the lecture ended with an introduction to the concept of Quantum Cryptography, which is the use of quantum mechanical properties to secure communication. Overall, the lecture provided an in-depth understanding of the principles of quantum interference and its applications in quantum computing and cryptography.